The latest discoveries in Neurology
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The research article, “Macrophage MR1 antigen presentation promotes MAIT cell immunity and lung microbiota modulation,” investigates the critical role of specific immune cells in activating Mucosal associated invariant T (MAIT) cells. The study found that macrophages, particularly those from the lung and peritoneal cavity, express the highest levels of the antigen-presenting molecule MR1 (MHC class I-related protein 1) and are the most efficient at presenting microbial vitamin B-derived antigens (VitBAg) to MAIT cells. This expression of MR1 in macrophages is regulated by the tissue environment and the local microbiota. Functionally, the study concluded that these macrophages are key for MAIT cell immunity, as depleting MR1 in macrophages and related cells not only impaired MAIT cell responses against bacterial infection but also changed the composition of the microbiota.
Reference:
Deng, Jieru, Yuting Yan, Xiaoyue Zhang, Calum J. Walsh, Emmanuel Montassier, Debajyoti Sinha, Huimeng Wang, Atieh Mousavizadeh, Mitra Ashayeripanah, Jeffrey Y. W. Mak, Hui-Fern Koay, Tobias Poch, Yannick O. Alexandre, Scott N. Mueller, Ajithkumar Vasanthakumar, Tim P. Stinear, Vanta J. Jameson, Alexis Perez-Gonzalez, Jenny Kingham, Tri Giang Phan, Nikita Potemkin, Lachlan Dryburgh, Jan Schroeder, David P. Fairlie, Laura K. Mackay, Zhenjun Chen, Laura Cook, Abderrahman Hachani, Alexandra J. Corbett, Antoine Roquilly, Jose A. Villadangos, and Hamish E. G. McWilliam. 2025. “Macrophage MR1 Antigen Presentation Promotes MAIT Cell Immunity and Lung Microbiota Modulation.” Science. Retrieved (https://www.science.org/doi/full/10.1126/science.adr6322).